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Medic
The defender's nightmare
Advantages
Speed. Heals team-mates, regenerates his own health.
Disadvantages
Lack of armour and firepower.
Health
90
Armour
100 (spawns with 50)
Typical role
offence or offensive support.
Notable Weapons
Medkit
Use it on team-mates to restore them to full health and beyond. Use it on enemies to infect them with a slow but deadly bioweapon, which can spread from man to man. Against a badly-disciplined team, infecting one or two members can totally destroy any co-ordination in their team as they frantically try to avoid becoming infected.
Super Nailgun
Very effective against Sentry Guns, especially at longer ranges. The medic, surprisingly, is a very effective SG killer, provided he can engange them from long range with this gun.
Concussion Grenade
As well as concussion jumping, these can be useful for removing enemies from your path - making them "depart by airmail".
Offensive capacity
With his speed and concussion-jumping ability, a medic can be a very effective flag carrier on open maps such as The Well or The Rock. The ability to infect enemies can also wreak havoc in a badly-disciplined defence. The increased armour and firepower compared to a scout can make the difference between success and failure, and the super nailgun is lethal against Sentry Guns, but the medic is still weak in a straight fight against other classes.
Defensive capacity
So-so. The medic is too slow to defend effectively against scouts, and doesn't have the firepower to stop heavier classes, though infecting enemies as they enter the base can be very effective. Like the Engineer, the medic can be a force multiplier, healing wounded team-mates, but for most defensive classes, armour and ammo need replenishing more often than health.
How to fight them
As with scouts, the best approach is firepower - the medic is one of the weaker classes in conventional combat.
Keep your distance if they're carrying their medkit - the infection can destroy whole teams. If you do get infected, stay well clear of your team-mates.